Government is the backbone of every nation state, government regulate the affairs of the citizens by impulsing rules to guide citizens against the breach. Government provide services to the people and give them better live.
Definition of government
Government as institution: Government can be define as an agency or machinery through which the will of state is desig, expressed and attend. Or Government can be seen as a body or channel through which the activities of country or state is formulate, expressed and attend. Government as an institution arosed as a situation where people come and live together to form a society. perform function through its organs, legislature make law and execute through the executive and interpret by the judiciary.
Government as process of governing: is the process of making policies, program and implementing them through the organs of government legislature, executive and judiciary. Or can be seen as a governing authority for maintaining security, peace and stability by making fundamental laws in the giving state
Government as academic field of study: is the study of agencies, political institution and dynamic of the state. These has to do with the relationship between the institution concerned, or study the government institution of another country and relate it to adopt some changes.
The Arms of government.
1. Executive Arm of government
The executive Arm of government are versted with the responsibility of execution of government policies and programs of the country/state as specified by the Constitution. The executives are the president (prime Minister) his Ministers civil servant, Police force and other army force. The function include:
a. Implementation of laws made by the legislature. The executive put the law made by legislature into action through the execution of government programs and project
b. Iniation of bills to the house for discussion. Executive due iniate bills to the legislative arm to discuss and make it a law
c. Preparation of budget. The executive Arm of government prepare and draft budget
d. Maintenance of law and order. Executive Arm function to maintain peace, law and order in the state
e. Conducting of international relation with other countries. Represent his state in international relation
f. He can grant prerogative of mercy/amnesty to convicts
g. Giving accent to parliamentary bills before they become laws. I.e he signs the bill into law.
2. Legislative Arm of government
This is the Arm of government versted with duties and power of making law of the land. The functions of legislative Arm are.
a. Making laws
b. Determine the the ways in which government can raise and spend money
c. Amendment of the Constitution
d. Removal of the head of the executive or other members by impeachment
e. Auditing government expenditure, investigation and checking of the abuse of office
f. Approval of executive appointment to federal/state offic, eg Minister, board chairman, ambassador, judges etc.
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3. Judicial Arm of government
This an organ of government that interpret the Constitution and adjudicates on matters. It's function include.
a. Interpretation of of the Constitution of the land. They interpret the law made by the legislative Arm
b. Punishment of the those that breach the law according to the Constitution
c. Settlement of dispute between individuals, and between individual and government or companies and between one level of government to another
d. Judiciary have right to review the act of the legislature and can declare them void, and of no effect
e. Protection of the liberty of the individuals, it protect individual from incrochment by the higher body or strong ones
Recommendation
In every society there most be a body that regulate the activities of its citizens against incrochment by the stronger ones.
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